1. 查询dmp导入、导出文件所在位置：

SELECT * FROM DBA_DIRECTORIES T WHERE T.DIRECTORY_NAME = 'DATA_PUMP_DIR'; 

2.修改DATA_PUMP_DIR配置的文件位置(直接在数据库执行脚本即可):

create or replace directory DATA_PUMP_DIR as '/opt/tools/oracle/dmpFile/';

或者通过linux命令执行sql语句

su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
create or replace directory DATA_PUMP_DIR as '/opt/tools/oracle/dmpFile/';

3.对新的文件目录添加授权

chmod 777 /opt/tools/oracle/dmpFile/

4.执行导入、导出dmp文件脚本

su - oracle
expdp test_0509/123456@localhost/ORCL schemas=test directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR dumpfile=test_0509.dmp logfile=test_0509.log